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In Vitro Toxicology

In Vitro Toxicology: Mutagenicity kits

The Ames II / Ames MPF Microfluctuation Assays are all modifications of the traditional Ames plate incorporation assay.

The Ames II assay uses the S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TAMix (a mixture of 6 strains, each detecting a specific base-pair substitution), whereas the Ames MPF® kits are available with the strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, E.coli WP2 uvrA or E.coli WP2 pKM101.

 

Benefits of Xenometrix Ames Mutagenicity Assays over traditional Ames Procedures

  • Easy, compact and high throughput liquid format with 384 well plates.

  • Simple detection method with easy "readout" (as compared to the traditional assay)

  • Kits include all five types strains cited in OECD 471 (CoA supplied), quality controlled according to the same guideline 

  • Much less  test compound required.  (10 mg per strain if tested in triplicates, +/- S9, 6 semi-logarithmic compound dilutions)

  • Ames MPF is the preferred system for genotoxic impurities due to its low consumption of compound

  • Significantly less consumption of S9

  • Less environmental pollution due to significantly less "contaminated" waste

  • Less user intervention

  • Download presentation 

Phenobarbital/ß-Naphtoflavone induced lyophilized rat liver S9

Phenobarbital/ß-Naphtoflavone induced lyophilized rat liver S9

Xenometrix AG

Catalogue No.DescriptionPack SizePriceQty
XPRS-PB01Phenobarbital/ß-Naphtoflavone induced lyophilized rat liver S91 ml £101.00 Quantity Add to Order
XPRS-PB02Phenobarbital/ß-Naphtoflavone induced lyophilized rat liver S92 ml £122.00 Quantity Add to Order

Description

PB/ß-Naphtoflavone induced rat liver S9 Fraction for Ames Test

Phenobarbital/ß-Naphtoflavone induced  S9 is a buffered solution containing the post mitochondrial S9 fraction of a pool of livers from male SpragueDawley rats. Liver S9 fractions (the 9000g supernatant of a liver homogenate) contain both microsomal and cytosolic fractions.


S9 fraction includes many cytosolic enzymes: N-acetyl transferases, methyltransferases, sulfotransferases, glutathione transferases, aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidase. Both Phase I (Cytochrome P450-Monooxigenases) and Phase II metabolites act simultaneously on test samples. Due to the fact that the enzymes in the S9 fractions are diluted significantly, cofactors such as e.g. β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-regenerating system (NADPH, Phase I oxidation) are required for activity. Cofactors are added to the S9 preparation before the experiment (S9 Cofactor Kit, art.no. XPCO-0800).   



Applications:

    In vitro Studies: S9 fractions are  used in conjunction with in vitro assays, such as our  Ames MPF, Penta and MicroAmes kits to assess the mutagenic potential of chemicals. 

    Metabolic Stability Studies: S9 fraction is used to assess how quickly a compound is metabolized in vitro, providing insights into its stability and potential for metabolism. 

 

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